Passive Voice (Kalimat Passive)

Hi, Guyss!

Dalam kesempatan kali ini kita bahas kalimat Pasif dalam bahasa Inggris. Pembahasan kali ini

menggunakan bahasa Indonesia, karena pola kalimat bahasa Inggris yang sifatnya konsep lebih mudah dipahami apabila dijelaskan dalam bahasa Indonesia. Kalimat pasif (Passive Voice) dalam bahasa Inggris menjadi urgen karena tidak selamanya kita berkomunikasi dengan kalimat aktif terus menerus.

Nah, cara mudah untuk menguasai Passive Voice dapat mengikuti pola berikut:

Konsep Kalimat sebenarnya hanya terdiri dari Subject + Predicate. Predicate terbagi menjadi 2, yaitu to be dan Verb.

Kalimat Aktif adalah kalimat yang terdiri dari pola S + P + O.

Kalimat Pasif adalah kalimat yang terdiri dari pola S + P + O.

Catatan dari pola tersebut adalah subject dari kalimat aktif menjadi object pada kalimat pasif. Sementara , object kalimat aktif menjadi Subject pada kalimat Pasif.

Syarat Kalimat Pasif hanya 2:

1. Menggunakan Kata Kerja Transitif (Kata Kerja yang memerlukan Object).

2. Menggunakan To be + V3 (Past Participle).

To be yang digunakan dalam kalimat Pasif adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Simple Present Tense = am, is, are.

a. Kalimat Aktif : Sisilia does the home work every night.

Kalimat Pasif : The home work is done by Sisilia every night.

b. Kalimat Aktif : You call them twice in a week.

Kalimat Pasif : They are called by you twice in a week.

c. Kalimat Aktif : The Managers meet me every month.

Kalimat Pasif : I am met by the managers every month.

2. Simple Past Tense = was, were.

a. Kalimat Aktif : I saw the accident yesterday.

Kalimat Pasif : The accident was seen by me yesterday.

b. Kalimat Aktif : The students knew all quizzes last week.

Kalimat Pasif : All quizzes were known by the students last week.

3. Present Continuous Tense = being

Kalimat Aktif : You are writing a short story

Kalimat Pasif : A short story is being written by you.

4. Present Future Tense = be

a. Kalimat Aktif : They will repair the air conditioner in their classroom.

Kalimat Pasif : The air conditiner in their classroom will be repaired by them

b. Kalimat Aktif : Mary is going to do her home work tonight at seven pm.

Kalimat Pasif : Her homework is going to be done by Mary tonight at seven pm.

5. Modal Auxilliary = be

a. Kalimat Aktif : They can help you.

Kalimat Pasif : You can be helped by them

b. Kalimat Aktif : I should find the answer.

Kalimat Pasif : The answer shound be found by me.

c. Kalimat Aktif : He may take the book on the table.

Kalimat Pasif : The book on the table may be taken by him.

d. Kalimat Aktif : John and Mary will meet you tomorrow morning.

Kalimat Pasif : You will be met by them tomorrow morning.

6. Present Perfect Tense = have/has been

a. Kalimat Aktif : They have ever taken English Course

Kalimat Pasif : English Course has ever been taken by them

b. Kalimat Aktif : Marilia has ever visited Monas

Kalimat Pasif : Monas has ever been taken by Marilia.

7. Present Perfect Continuous Tense = been being

a. Kalimat Aktif : They have been reading a book for one hour.

Kalimat Pasif : A book has been being read by them for one hour.

b. Kalimat Aktif : I have been eating salt since child.

Kalimat Pasif : Salt has been being eaten by me since child.

8. Past Perfect Tense = had been

Kalimat Aktif : John and Mary had known all the questions.

Kalimat Pasif : All the questions had been known by them.

9. Past Continuous Tense = was/were being

a. Kalimat Aktif : I was watching TV while she was calling me.

Kalimat Pasif : TV was being watched by me while I was being callled by her.

b. Kalimat Aktif : You were writing an essay when they ate fried chicken.

Kalimat Pasif : An essay was being written by you when fried chicken was eaten by them.

Selain pola diatas, apabila dalam kalimat aktif terdapat dua object, maka pola perubahan menjadi kalimat aktif adalah sebagai berikut:

Kalimat Aktif : The teacher gives Shinta a popular book.

Kalimat Pasif : A popular book to Shinta is given by the teacher.

Kemudian, jika terdapat bentuk modal auxiliary yang menggunakan should have, ought to have dan must have maka pola tersebut harus ditambah been + Verb 3 (Past Participle).

Examples:

a. Kalimat Aktif : They should have spoken English.

Kalimat Pasif : English should have been spoken by them.

b. Kalimat Aktif : I must have made Handscraft for my customers.

Kalimat Pasif : Handscraft must have been made by me for my customers.

c. Kalimat Aktif : You ought to have achieve good score for math.

Kalimat Pasif : Good score for math ought to have been achieved by you.